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304L Stainless Steel (S30403)

DataTime:[2014-7-15]

Alloy  304L a T-300 series stainless steel austenitic, which has a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Type 304L has a carbon maximum is 0.030. It is the standard “18/8 stainless” that is commonly found in pans and cooking tools. Alloys 304L is the most versatile and widely used alloy in the stainless steel family. Ideal for a wide variety of home and commercial applications, Alloys 304L exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and has a high ease of fabrication, outstanding formability. The austenitic stainless steels are also considered to be the most weldable of the high-alloy steels and can be welded by all fusion and resistance welding processes.

Specifications:  UNS S30403

Applications:

Alloy 304L Stainless Steel is used in a wide variety of home and commercial applications, including:

  • Food processing equipment, particularly in beer brewing, milk processing, and wine making
  • Kitchen benches, sinks, troughs, equipment, and appliances
  • Architectural trim and molding
  • Automotive and aerospace structural use
  • Construction material in large buildings
  • Chemical containers, including for transport
  • Heat exchangers
  • Nuts, bolts, screws, and other fasteners in the marine environment
  • Dyeing industry
  • Woven or welded screens for mining, quarrying & water filtration

Standards:

  • ASTM/ASME:  S30403
  • EURONORM:  1.4303
  • AFNOR:  Z2 CN 18.10
  • DIN:  X2 CrNi 19 11

 

  • Resistance
  •  Corrosion Resistance:

    • Resistance to corrosion in oxidizing environments is a result of the 18 to 19% chromium that the 304 alloys contain.
    • Resistance to moderately aggressive organic acids is a result of the 9 to 11% nickel that the 304 alloys contain.
    • At times, alloy 304L may show a lower corrosion rate than the higher carbon Alloy 304; otherwise, the 304, 304L, and 304H may be considered to perform uniformly in most corrosive environments.
    • Alloy 304L is preferred for use in environments sufficiently corrosive to cause intergranular corrosion of welds and heat-affected zones on susceptible alloys.

    Heat Resistance:

    • Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 1600°F and in continuous service to 1690°F.
    • Continuous use of 304 in the 800-1580°F range is not recommended if subsequent aqueous corrosion resistance is important.
    • Grade 304L is more resistant to carbide precipitation and can be heated into the above temperature range.

    Properties of 304 Alloy

      Welding Characteristics:

      Excellent welding properties; post-weld annealing is not required when welding thin sections. Two important considerations in producing weld joints in the austenitic stainless steels are:

      1. preservation of corrosion resistance
      2. avoidance of cracking

      Processing – Hot Forming:

      • To forge, heat uniformity to 2100 / 2300 °F
      • Do not forge below 1700 °F
      • Forging can be air cooled without danger of cracking

      Processing – Cold Forming:

      • Its austenitic structure allows it to be deep-drawn without intermediate annealing, Making this the stainless steel grade of choice in the manufacturing of sinks, hollow-ware and saucepans.
      • These grades work harden rapidly. To relieve stresses produced in severe forming or spinning, parts should be full annealed or stress relief annealed as soon as possible after forming.

      Machinability:

      • The use of chip breakers is advised since the chips can be stringy. Stainless steel work harden rapidly, heavy positive feeds, sharp tooling, and a rigid set-up should be used.of cut below the work-hardened layer resulting from the previous passes.
    • Properties

    Chemical Properties:

    C Mn Si P S Cr Ni N
    304L 0.03max 2.0max 0.75max 0.45max 0.03max min: 18.0 max: 20.0 min: 8.0 max: 12.0 0.10 max

    Mechanical Properties:

    Grade Tensile Strength ksi (min) Yield Strength 0.2% ksi (min) Elongation % Hardness (Brinell) MAX Hardness (Rockwell B) MAX
    304L 70 25 40 201 92

    Physical Properties:


    Density
    lbm/in3
    Thermal Conductivity
    (BTU/h ft. °F)
    Electrical
    Resistivity
    (in x 10-6)
    Modulus of
    Elasticity
    (psi x 106
    Coefficient of
    Thermal Expansion
    (in/in)/
    °F x 10-6
    Specific Heat
    (BTU/lb/
    °F)
    Melting
    Range
    (°F)
    at 68°F: 0.285 9.4 at 212°F 28.3 at 68°F 28 9.4 at 32 – 212°F 0.1200 at 68°F to 212°F 2500 to 2590
    12.4 at 932 °F 39.4 at 752°F 10.2 at 32 – 1000°F
    49.6 at 1652 °F 10.4 at 32 – 1500°F

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