Summary of design and selection technology for metal bellows

• (1) Maximum space size or path
• (2) The nature and size of work load.
• (3) Work displacement
• (4) Working temperature range
• (5) The nature of working medium
• (6) Accuracy requirements
• (7) Contents and principles of design and selection of metal bellows for service life. The main contents of design and selection of bellows are: selection of bellows materials, structural penalties, geometric dimensions and performance parameters according to known conditions given by the system.

• (1) Choosing the shape of the metal bellows is based on the usage, performance, use requirements, performance and manufacturing characteristics of various waveforms and other factors to choose a more reasonable shape of the bellows. In general, most of them choose U type corrugation.
• (2) Determine the number of bellows according to the use of bellows, working pressure, stiffness, working medium and other factors to determine the number of bellows. In the case of high working pressure, the multi-layer structure bellows are generally selected. For multi-layer bellows, the number of layers and the thickness of single layer should be reasonably selected.
• (3) Preliminary evaluation of whether the bellows should be used in parallel with other elastic elements in some cases, these are: in order to improve the measuring accuracy; in the case of higher working pressure; in the case of impact load. (4) Choosing the structure type of the two ends of the bellows and choosing the structure type of the two ends of the bellows, we should consider the forming process, welding process of the two ends of the bellows and the structural limitations of the whole system.
• (5) Considering whether the guide device is needed, when the effective length of bellows is relatively long, in order to avoid columnar instability in the working process, the guide device should be added. For example, bellows are usually equipped with guiding devices.
• (6) Considering whether it is necessary to use a reinforcing ring in order to meet the requirements of higher working pressure, bellows can be strengthened with reinforcing rings, or multi-layer structures, or the combination of the two structures can be applied. The strengthening ring is strengthened locally, and the multi-storey structure is strengthened as a whole.

The metal bellows usually used for measurement are stiffness, strength and elasticity. Although many kinds of bellows with different geometry and size parameters can meet the same stiffness requirements, the stress values produced in these bellows are different. Those which can meet the requirements of stiffness and the minimum stress generated during working are the most reasonable ones. The reduction of stress not only improves the safety factor, but also reduces the effect of material elasticity on hysteresis, aftereffect and fatigue, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of bellows.

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