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What is a pipe fastener?

DataTime:[2016-8-16]
A pipe fastener is a device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more pipes together. Pipe fasteners cover both high tensile and mild steel bolts, clamps, nuts, screws, washers, studs, pins etc. All types of fasteners are used for both industrial and residential pipe fittings. Pipe fasteners are used in almost all types of industries. They are made of various materials and are available in various shapes, sizes and designs.

Fasteners can also be used to close a container such as a bag, a box, or an envelope; or they may involve keeping together the sides of an opening of flexible material, attaching a lid to a container, etc. There are also special-purpose closing devices, e.g. a bread clip. Fasteners used in these manners are often temporary, in that they may be fastened and unfastened repeatedly.

Anchor Fasteners

Anchor fasteners comprise screws, screw assemblies, and weld studs with variety of thread and point designs. These fasteners are used in all light and medium duty fixing in plumbing and piping applications. Anchors are thrust and momentum control devices. Piping and fitting joints including mechanical joints are protected from separation forces with the use of thrust and momentum control devices.


Uses of anchor fasteners:
Anchor fasteners used in pipe fittings are required at all changes of direction, changes of diameter and dead ends.
They are installed to allow for maintenance of strainers, water meters, back-flow prevention devices, instrumentation and other ancillary devices in pipe fittings.
They have simple and easy to apply installation.


Bolts are fastening device ideal for fastening pipes and tubes. Bolts are used as threaded fastener, with a head, designed to be used with a nut. Bolts are a sensible and easy way of securing piping, tubes and hoses in all industrial applications. They are designed to be used for mounting of pipes to the walls or fastening piping components. Bolts are constructed using various materials and available in various sizes and finishes. Bolts used in pipe fittings offer many variations of eye-bolts, lifting eyes and u-bolts.

Types of Bolts:

Carriage bolts:
Domed top with square under head

Anchor bolts:
Extended connections with handle

Flange bolts:
Ridge around the bolt head

Hex tap bolts:
Trimmed hex head with no flange

Hex bolts:
Hex head of various materials

Lag bolts:
Screw like pointed end.

Metric bolts:
Available in Hex/Flange/ Standard type

Machine bolts:
Fine or coarse threads

Shoulder bolts:
Allow slide or pivot

Square neck bolts:
Square or domed top with square under head

Eye Bolt

Eye bolts are special purpose bolts which are threaded with a loop or eye at one end. These type of bolts are used where external tension loads are to be applied. The eye of the bolt is used to anchor a cable, chain or rope . Eye bolts are used in different types of applications and they can pivot or swivel. They are available in various sizes and are made of various materials. They are provided either plain finish or hot dip galvanized. They are used in wide number of applications, including pipe fittings

Types of Eye Bolts:
There are four types of eyebolts. They are as follows:
Forged eyebolts: These eyebolts are forged instead of formed. They are one-piece fasteners offering higher load ratings.
Shoulder eyebolts: These eyebolts have a shoulder under the eye and the shoulder is installed flush with the mounting surface.
Thimble eyebolts: These eyebolts are designed with an opening that acts as a thimble for rope or wire to minimize wear.
Pivoting eyebolts: These eyebolts are designed in such a way to pivot 180°.


Nuts are very useful to attach machine thread fasteners. Different types of nuts in various sizes and materials are available. Nuts are widely used as pipe fasteners. In-fact no bolts can be fixed to a pipe without the use of nuts. Bolts and nuts are used in combination.

Types of nuts: 

 Hex Nuts:
Also known as finished full, these nuts are used for fastening to a bolt while joining materials together mechanically.

Hex machine screw nuts:
These nuts are used with smaller machine screw sizes under ¼ inch, and are used to fasten a bolt mechanically.

Hex lock nuts nylon insert:
These nuts help prevent loosening from vibration due to the presence of the nylon material located at the top.

Hex jam nuts:
Another type of a hex nut (thinner version) in sizes ¼ inch and above.

Hex jam nylon lock nuts:
These nuts are a thinner version of hex lock nuts with nylon insert.

Cap nuts:
These nuts have a finished top.

Square nuts:
Square nuts, in the shape of square, were mostly replaced by hex nuts. 

Wing nuts:
These nuts are turned by hand.

Acorn Nuts:
These nuts have a high crown used for appearance.

Prevailing torque lock nuts:
These are metal lock nuts which are non-reverseable and are used in high temperature applications.

Hex Nuts:
Also known as finished full, these nuts are used for fastening to a bolt while joining materials together mechanically.

Hex machine screw nuts:
These nuts are used with smaller machine screw sizes under ¼ inch, and are used to fasten a bolt mechanically.

Coupling nuts:
These nuts are long nuts to connect pieces of male threaded fasteners or threaded rods.

Studs

Studs are type of mechanical fasteners used in fastening various products, including pipes used in different applications. These type of fasteners are threaded on one or both ends. Studs are headless bolts, threaded , sometimes with different threads. One end of the stud is secured to an object while the other end is used typically with a nut. They are available in both Metric and English threads. Stud Fasteners are available in all forms to suit any application.

Types of studs: 
•Gland or tap-end stud: It has an interference fit at one end and a free-running thread at the other.
•Double-end stud: It has free-running threads at both ends.
•Three-bolt stud: Used in high-temperature/pressure applications.
•Standard stud: Used for general-purpose applications.

Advantages of studs: 
•Studs help in eliminating deviations from perfect squareness in an assembly.
•The basic advantage of using a stud rather than a bolt or screw is the ability of a nut to "float" and adjust on the nut end threads.
•The thicker the cover plate, or the longer the tapped hole, the more important the stud becomes.
•In assembling and reassembling heavy parts , for example, turbine casings and cylinder heads, studs can act as pilots.
•In the automatic assembly of small, lightweight units, studs help in reducing assembly costs. They permit quick and easy "stack up" of gaskets or other different parts of a joint or two different pipes.
•Studs also help in reducing the need for the large hole clearance and close hole alignment which are usually required by a cap screw or bolt.
•Studs with an interference-fit thread or proprietary-lock thread on the tap or pipe end gives a positive lock against turning and loosening.
•Studs also provide sealant to prevent leakage of fluids through holes tapped in porous materials.
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